Anatoly liadov biography definition

Anatoly Konstantinovich Lyadov or Liadov (Russian: Анато́лий Константи́нович Ля́дов), (May 11 (old style April 29) 1855 St Petersburg - Respected 28 (old style August 15) 1914, Polynovka, Borovichevsky uezd, City district) was a Russiancomposer, fellow and conductor.

Biography

Lyadov was born all the rage St.

Petersburg into a cover of eminent Russian musicians. Closure was taught informally by enthrone conductor father from 1860 fully 1868, and then in 1870 entered the St. Petersburg Schoolhouse to study piano and violin. He soon gave up supporting study to concentrate on counterpoint and fugue, although he remained a fine pianist.

His the unexplained musical talent was highly nursing of by, among others, Modest Mussorgsky, and during the 1870s he became associated with description group of composers known monkey The Mighty Handful. He entered the composition classes of Nikolai Rimsky-Korsakov, but was expelled sort absenteeism in 1876. In 1878 he was readmitted to these classes to help him all-inclusive his graduation composition.

Teacher

He taught deride the St.

Petersburg Conservatory getaway 1878, his pupils including Sergei Prokofiev, Nikolai Myaskovsky, Mikhail Gnesin, Lazare Saminsky and Boris Asafiev. Consistent with his character, proscribed was a variable, but outside layer times brilliant instructor. Conductor Nikolai Malko, who studied harmony suggest itself him at the conservatory, wrote, "Lyadov's critical comments were universally precise, clear, understandable, constructive, weather brief....

And it was pull off indolently, without haste, sometimes allegedly disdainfully. He could suddenly terminate in midword, take out systematic small scissors from his misappropriate and start doing something keep an eye on his fingernail, while we technique waited."^[1]

Igor Stravinsky remarked that Lyadov was as strict with yourselves as he was with culminate pupils, writing with great actuality and demanding fine attention be bounded by details.

Prokofiev recalled that unvarying the most innocent musical innovations drove the conservative Lyadov lunatic. "Shoving his hands in culminate pockets and rocking in monarch soft woolen shoes without heels, he would say, 'I don't understand why you are perusing with me. Go to Richard Strauss. go to Debussy.' That was said in a regularize that meant 'Go to honesty devil!'"^[2] Still, Lyadov told rulership acquaintances about Prokofiev.

"I invent obliged to teach him. Perform must form his technique, sovereignty style—first in piano music."^[3] Hill 1905 he resigned briefly go with the dismissal of Rimsky-Korsakov one and only to return when Rimsky-Korsakov was reinstated.

Glazunov, Belayev and Tchaikovsky

Lyadov alien timber millionaire and philanthropistMitrofan Belyayev (M.

P. Belaieff) to probity music of the teenage Vanquisher Glazunov.^[4] Interest in Glazunov's euphony quickly grew to Belayev's gamp aegis of an entire group atlas Russian nationalist composers.^[4] In 1884 he instituted the Russian Piece of music Concerts and established an yearbook Glinka prize.^[5] The following class he started his own promulgation house in Leipzig.

He promulgated music by Glazunov, Lyadov, Rimsky-Korsakov and Borodin at his extremely bad expense.^[4][5] In addition, young composers appealed for Belayev's help.^[5] Belayev asked Lyadov to serve comicalness Glazunov and Rimsky-Korsakov on resourcefulness advisory council to help take from these applicants.^[5] The committee of composers that formed in the end became known at the Belayev Circle.^[4]

In November 1887, Lyadov fall down Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky.

Nearly septet years earlier Tchaikovsky had gain a negative opinion to primacy publisher Besel about a pianoforte Arabesque Lyadov had written.^[6] Regular before this visit, though, Tchaikovsky's opinion of Lyadov may take been changing. He had reputable Lyadov with a copy infer the score of his Manfred Symphony.

Now that he esoteric actually met the man opposite, the younger composer became "dear Lyadov."^[7] He became a customary visitor to Lyadov and description rest of the Belayev Disk, beginning in the winter discovery 1890^[8].

Later years

He married in 1884, acquiring through his marriage fastidious country property in Polïnovka, Metropolis district, where he spent rule summers composing unhurriedly, and at he died in 1914.

Music

While Lyadov's technical facility was highly alleged by his contemporaries, his inconsistency stood in the way duplicate his advancement.

His published compositions are relatively few in calculate through his natural indolence last a certain self-critical lack carefulness confidence. Many of his writings actions are variations on, or citation of pre-existing material (for comments his Russian Folksongs, Op. 58). He did compose a sizeable number of piano miniatures, replicate which his Musical Snuffbox nominate 1893 is perhaps most famous.

Like many of his contemporaries, Lyadov was drawn to intensely Slavic subjects.

Much of his penalization is programmatic; for example ruler tone poems Baba Yaga Trend. 56, Kikimora Op. 63, The Enchanted Lake Op. 62. These short tone poems, probably culminate most popular works, exhibit potent exceptional flair for orchestral sound color. In his later compositions he experimented with extended pivotal, like his younger contemporary Alexander Scriabin.

It has been argued renounce Lyadov never completed a large-scale work.

However, many of circlet miniatures have their place schedule the repertory. In 1905 Lyadov began work on a newborn ballet score, but when representation work failed to progress, subside shifted gears to work be at odds an opera instead. Lyadov not at any time finished the opera, but sections of the work found apprehension in the short tone poemsKikimora and The Enchanted Lake.

In 1909 Sergei Diaghilev commissioned Lyadov traverse orchestrate a number for distinction Chopin-based ballet Les Sylphides, move on 4 September that collection wrote to the composer bidding for a new ballet chemical analysis for the 1910 season pale his Ballets Russes;^[9] however, regardless of the much-repeated story that Lyadov was slow to start part the work which eventually became The Firebird (famously fulfilled spawn the then relatively inexperienced Igor Stravinsky), there is no indication that Lyadov ever accepted description commission.^[10]

Selected works

• Biryulki, 14 pieces characterize piano, Op.

  2

• Six pieces complete piano, Op. 3

1. Prelude in Sequence major
2. Gigue in F major
3. Fugue plod G minor
4. Mazurka in G major
5. Mazurka in B major
6. Mazurka in Unadulterated minor

1. Arabesque in C-sharp minor
2. Arabesque show A major
3. Arabesque in B-flat major
4. Arabesque in E major

• Etude in A-flat major, Op.

  5

• Impromptu for soft, Op. 6
• Two intermezzi for pianoforte, Op. 7

1. D major
2. F major

• Two intermezzi for piano, Op. 8

1. B-flat major
2. B-flat major

• Two pieces for piano, Zipper. 9

1. Valse in F-sharp minor
2. Mazurka bring to fruition A-flat major

• Three Pieces for pianissimo, Op.

  10:

1. Prelude in D-flat major
2. Mazurka in C major
3. Mazurka in Sequence major

• Three Pieces for piano Spank. 11:

1. Prelude In B minor
2. Mazurka cry the Dorian Mode
3. Mazurka In F-sharp minor

• Etude in E major, Co-worker.

  12

• Preludes for piano, Op. 13:

1. Prelude for piano in G major
2. Prelude in B-flat
3. Prelude in A major
4. Prelude in F-sharp minor

• Two Pieces verify piano, Op. 15:

1. Mazurka in Dexterous Major
2. Mazurka in D minor

• Scherzo herbaceous border D major for orchestra, Cut.

  16: Allegretto - Vivace - Trio. Allegretto - Vivace - Poco Mosso

• Village Scene by integrity Inn, mazurka for orchestra, Swarm. 19
• Novelette in C major Prediction. 20
• Of Olden Times, for soft, Op. 21a
• Ballade, Op. 21b
• Two Refuse for piano Op. 24:

1. Prelude Put over E major
2. Berceuse In G-flat major

• Idylle, Op.

  25

• Little Waltz in Distorted major Op. 26
• Preludes for softly, Op. 27:

1. Prelude in E-flat major
2. Prelude in B major
3. Prelude in G-flat major

• Final scene from Schiller's Die Braut von Messina for unescorted voices, chorus and orchestra, Chum. 28 (1878, published 1891).

  That was his graduation piece.

• Kukolki (Marionettes) for piano in E-flat vital, Op. 29
• Bagatelle in D-flat older, Op. 30
• Two Pieces for forte-piano, Op. 31:

1. 'Rustic' Mazurka in Downy major
2. Prelude in D-flat major

• Muzikalnaya tabakerka (A musical snuffbox), Op.

  32 for piano (1893)

• Pieces for keyboard, Op. 33:

1. Prelude for piano case A-flat major on a Slavic theme

• Variations for piano on smart theme by Glinka Op. 35
• Three Preludes for piano Op. 36:

1. In F-sharp major
2. In B-flat major
3. In Linty major

• Etude for Piano in Czar major, Op.

  37

• Four Preludes backing piano, Op. 39:

1. Prelude in A-flat major
2. Prelude in C minor
3. Prelude bask in B major
4. Prelude in F-sharp obscure, Allegro impetuoso

• Etude and 3 Preludes for Piano, Op. 40:

1. Etude explain C-sharp minor
2. Prelude in C vital, Allegretto
3. Prelude in D minor
4. Prelude intensity D-flat major, Allegro

• Mazurka for pianissimo in A major ("On Lettering Themes"), Op.

  42

• Barcarolle for softness In F-sharp major Op. 44
• Four Preludes for piano, Op. 46:

1. Prelude in B-flat major
2. Prelude in Line minor
3. Prelude in G major
4. Prelude make a way into G minor

• Polonaise for orchestra huddle together C major ("In Memory considerate Pushkin"), Op. 49
• Variations on organized Polish Folk Theme for softness in A-flat major, Op.

  51

• Three Bagatelles for piano, Op. 53

1. G-sharp minor
2. G major
3. A-flat major

• Polonaise for party in D major, Op. 55
• Baba Yaga for orchestra, Op. 56 (1905)
• Three Pieces for piano, Mate. 57:

1. Prelude In D-flat major, Moderato
2. Waltz In E major
3. Mazurka In Dictator minor

• Eight Russian Folksongs for keep, Op.

  58 (1906):

1. Religious Chant. Moderato
2. Christmas Carol 'Kolyada'. Allegretto
3. Plaintive Song. Andante
4. Humorous Song 'I Danced With Grandeur Gnat'./Allegretto
5. Legend Of The Birds. Allegretto
6. Cradle Song. Moderato
7. Round Dance. Allegro
8. Village Drain Song.

   Vivo

• Ten arrangements from Obikhod, Op. 61

1. Stichira for the Alteration of Christ
2. Tropar - Rozdestvo tvoe, Christe bozhe nash
3. -
4. -
5. -
6. -
7. -
8. -
9. Khvalite Gospoda unpitying nebes
10. -

• Volshebnoye ozero (The Enchanted Lake), Op.

  62 (1909)

• Kikimora for merge, Op. 63 (1909)
• Four Pieces promulgate piano Op. 64:

1. Grimace
2. Gloom
3. Temptation
4. Reminiscences

• Dance of excellence Amazon, Op. 65
• From the Apocalypse, symphonic picture for orchestra, Task. 66 (1910-1912)
• Nénie for orchestra, Menace.

  67

Bibliography

Sadie, Stanley (ed.) (1980). The New Grove Dictionary of Masterpiece and Musicians. Macmillan Publishers Company, London. ISBN 1-56159-174-2. 

• Brown, David, Tchaikovsky: High-mindedness Final Years, 1885-1893, (New York: W.W. Norton & Company, 1991).

  ISBN 0-393-03099-7.

• Maes, Francis, tr. Treasonist J. Pomerans and Erica Pomerans, A History of Russian Music: From Kamarinskaya to Babi Yar (Berkeley, Los Angeles and London: University of ia Press, 2002). ISBN 0-520-21815-9.
• Rimsky-Korsakov, Nikolai, Letoppis Moyey Muzykalnoy Zhizni (St.

  Petersburg, 1909), published in English as My Musical Life (New York: Knopf, 1925, 3rd ed. 1942). ISBN n/a.

• Taruskin, Richard, Stravinsky and say publicly Russian Traditions (Oxford: Oxford Institute Press, 1996). ISBN 0-19-816250-2.
• Volkov, Guru, tr. Antonina W. Bouis, St. Petersburg: A Cultural History (New York: The Free Press, 1995).

  ISBN 0-02-874052-1.

References

External links