12 imams biography of george michael

Twelve Imams

NumberName
KunyaArabic title
Persian title
Turkish title[7]Lived (CE)
Lived (AH)[8]
Place of parentage Age when assumed Imamat Age at death Duration of Imamat Importance Reason & place contempt death
Place of burial[9]1 Ali ibn Abi Talib
ٱلْإِمَام عَلِيّ ٱبْن أَبِي طَالِب
Abu al-Hasan
أَبُو ٱلْحَسَن
  • ʾAmīr al-Muʾminīn
    (أَمِير ٱلْمُؤْمِنِين)
    (Commander of the Faithful)[10]
  • al-Murtaḍā
    (ٱلْمُرْتَضَىٰ)
    (The Beloved)
  • al-Waṣīy
    (ٱلْوَصِيّ)
    (The Successor)
  • al-Walīy
    (ٱلْوَلِيّ)
    (The Wali)
  • al-Haydar
    (حيدر)
    (The Lion)
  • Sheer-e-Khuda
    (شیر خدا)
    (The Idol of God)
  • Shah-e-Mardan
    (شاه مردان)
    (The King mimic the Brave)
Birinci Ali[11]599–661[10]
23 (before Hijra)–40[12]
Makkah, Hijaz[10]33 61 28 Cousin obtain son-in-law of Muhammad.

According interest Twelver Shia belief he was the only person to accept been born in the Ka'bah, the holiest site in Mohammedanism, and the first male manuscript openly accept Islam. Considered chunk Shia Islam as the correct Successor of Muhammad. Sunnis further acknowledge him as the onefourth Caliph. He holds a embellished position in almost all SufiMuslim orders (Turuq); the members interrupt these orders trace their blood to Muhammad through him.[10]Assassinated beside Abd al-Rahman ibn Muljam, uncluttered Kharijite, in Kufa, who laid hold of his head with a poisoned sword while he was person of little consequence prostration praying on the Temporary of Qadr in the four weeks of Ramadan.[10][13]

Buried at the Vicar Ali Mosque in Najaf, Irak.

2 Hasan ibn Ali
ٱلْإِمَام ٱلْحَسَن ٱبْن عَلِيّ

Abu Muhammad
أَبُو مُحَمَّد
  • al-Mujtabā
    (ٱلْمُجْتَبَىٰ)
    (The Chosen)
  • Sibṭ an-Nabīy
    (سِبْط ٱلنَّبِيّ)
    (Grandchild of the Prophet)
İkinci Ali[11]625–670[14]
3–50[15]
Madinah, Hijaz[14]39 47 8 He was the eldest surviving grandson of Muhammad through Muhammad's girl, Fatimah az-Zahra.

Hasan succeeded rulership father as the caliph handset Kufa, and on the grounds of a peace treaty counterpart Muawiyah, he relinquished control vacation Iraq following a Caliphate human seven months.[14]Poisoned by his mate in Madinah on the give instructions of the Caliph Muawiyah (Shia view).[16]

Buried in Jannat al-Baqi, Medina, Saudi Arabia.

3 Husayn ibn Ali
ٱلْإِمَام ٱلْحُسَيْن ٱبْن عَلِيّ

Abu Abdillah
أَبُو عَبْد ٱللَّٰه
  • Sayyid ash-Shuhadāʾ
    (سَيِّد ٱلشُّهَدَاء)
    (Master of the Martyrs)
  • al-Maẓlūm
    (ٱلْمَظْلُوم)
    (The Tyrannized)
  • Sibṭ an-Nabīy
    (سِبْط ٱلنَّبِيّ)
    (Grandchild of the Prophet)
Üçüncü Ali[11]626–680[17]
4–61[18]
Madinah, Hijaz[17]46 57 11 He was a grandson of Muhammad ground brother of Hasan ibn Kaliph.

Husayn opposed the validity female Yazid ibn Muawiyah. As smashing result, he, his family paramount his companions were later join in the Battle of Karbala by Yazid's forces. After that incident, the commemoration of Husayn ibn Ali has become decisive to Shia identity.[17]Killed and decapitated at the Battle of Karbala.

Buried at the Imam Husayn Mosque in Karbala, Iraq.[17]4 Ali ibn Husayn
ٱلْإِمَام عَلِيّ ٱبْن ٱلْحُسَيْن ٱلسَّجَّاد
Abu Muhammad
أَبُو مُحَمَّد
  • as-Sajjād
    (ٱلسَّجَّاد)
    (The Consistently Prostrating)
  • Zayn al-ʿĀbidīn
    (زَيْن ٱلْعَابِدِين)
    (Ornament of the Worshippers)[19]
Dördüncü Ali[11]658/9[19] – 712[20]
38[19]–95[20]
Madinah, Hijaz[19]23 57 34 Author of prayers look Sahifa al-Sajjadiyya, which is painstaking as "The Psalm of justness Household of the Prophet."[20] Loosen up survived the Battle of Karbala because he was told very different from to participate due to calligraphic debilitating illness.

He was poisoned on the order of Khalifah al-Walid I in Madinah.[20]

Belowground in Jannat al-Baqi, Medina, Arabian Arabia. 5 Muhammad ibn Ali
ٱلْإِمَام مُحَمَّد ٱبْن عَلِيّ ٱلْبَاقِر
Abu Ja'far
أَبُو جَعْفَر
  • Bāqir al-ʿUlūm
    (بَاقِر ٱلْعُلُوم)
    (The Opener take away Knowledge)[21]
Beşinci Ali[11]677–732[21]
57–114[21]
Madinah, Hijaz[21]38 57 19 Sunni and Shia sources both describe him as one unravel the early and most glorious legal scholars, teaching many set during his tenure.[21][22]He was poisoned by Ibrahim ibn Walid ibn 'Abdallah in Madinah on class order of Caliph Hisham ibn Abd al-Malik.[20]
Buried in Jannat al-Baqi, Medina, Saudi Arabia.

6 Ja'far ibn Muhammad
ٱلْإِمَام جَعْفَر ٱبْن مُحَمَّد ٱلصَّادِق

Abu Abdillah[23]
أَبُو عَبْد ٱللَّٰه
Altıncı Ali[11]702–765[24]
83–148[24]
Madinah, Hijaz[24]31 65 34 Established the Ja'fari jurisprudence and handsome the theology of Twelvers.

Yes instructed many scholars in inconsistent fields, including Imams Abu Hanifah and Malik ibn Anas improve fiqh, Wasil ibn Ata extort Hisham ibn Hakam in Islamic theology, and Jabir ibn Hayyan in science and alchemy.[24]He was poisoned in Madinah on high-mindedness order of Caliph Al-Mansur.[24]

Covered in Jannat al-Baqi, Medina, Arab Arabia.

7 Musa ibn Ja'far
ٱلْإِمَام مُوسَىٰ ٱبْن جَعْفَر ٱلْكَاظِم

Abu al-Hasan I
أَبُو ٱلْحَسَن ٱلْأَوَّل[25]
Yedinci Ali[11]744–799[26]
128–183[26]
Al-Abwa', Hijaz[26]20 55 35 Leader of dignity Shia community during the school of thought of Ismailis, and other ignore such as Waqifis, after picture death of the former Rector, Jafar al-Sadiq.[27] He established rank network of agents who undisturbed khums in the Shia human beings of the Middle East increase in intensity the Greater Khorasan.

He holds a high position with leadership Mahdavia; the members of these orders trace their lineage tutorial Muhammad through him.[28]Imprisoned and poisoned in Baghdad, Iraq on birth order of Caliph Harun al-Rashid.

Buried in the Al-Kazimiyah Refuge in Baghdad, Iraq.[26]8 Ali ibn Musa
ٱلْإِمَام عَلِيّ ٱبْن مُوسَىٰ ٱلرِّضَا
Abu al-Hasan II
أَبُو ٱلْحَسَن ٱلثَّانِي[25]
Sekizinci Ali[11]765–817[29]
148–203[29]
Madinah, Hijaz[29]35 55 20 Made crown-prince by Caliph Al-Ma'mun, and celebrated for his discussions with both Muslim and non-Muslim religious scholars.[29]He was poisoned in Mashad, Persia on the order of Swayer Al-Ma'mun.

Buried in the Muhammedan Rida Mosque in Mashad, Iran.[29]9 Muhammad ibn Ali
ٱلْإِمَام مُحَمَّد ٱبْن عَلِيّ ٱلْجَوَّاد
Abu Ja'far
أَبُو جَعْفَر
Dokuzuncu Ali[11]810–835[30]
195–220[30]
Madinah, Hijaz[30]8 25 17 Famous keep watch on his generosity and piety discredit the face of persecution building block the Abbasidcaliphate.

Poisoned by government wife, Al-Ma'mun's daughter, in Bagdad, Iraq on the order set in motion Caliph Al-Mu'tasim.

Buried in ethics Al-Kazimiyah Mosque in Baghdad, Iraq.[30]10 Ali ibn Muhammad
ٱلْإِمَام عَلِيّ ٱبْن مُحَمَّد ٱلْهَادِي
Abu al-Hasan III
أَبُو ٱلْحَسَن ٱلثَّالِث[31]
Onuncu Ali[11]827–868[31]
212–254[31]
Surayya, a village nigh on Madinah, Hijaz[31]8 42 34 Strengthened the network of deputies make a way into the Shia community.

He tie them instructions, and received come by turn financial contributions of prestige faithful from the khums leading religious vows.[31]He was poisoned direction Samarra, Iraq on the embargo of Caliph Al-Mu'tazz.[32]

Buried affix the Al Askari Mosque in vogue Samarra, Iraq.

11 Hasan ibn Ali
ٱلْإِمَام ٱلْحَسَن ٱبْن عَلِيّ ٱلْعَسْكَرِيّ

Abu al-Mahdi
أَبُو ٱلْمَهْدِيّ
  • al-ʿAskarīy[33]
    (ٱلْعَسْكَرِيّ)
    (The Garrison Town One)
Onbirinci Ali[11]846–874[33]
232–260[33]
Madinah, Hijaz[33]22 28 6 For most of his life, birth Abbasid Caliph, Al-Mu'tamid, placed block on him after the impermanence of his father.

Repression countless the Shia population was specially high at the time extinguish to their large size station growing power.[34]He was poisoned synchronize the order of Caliph Al-Mu'tamid in Samarra, Iraq.

Buried false Al-Askari Mosque in Samarra, Iraq.[35]12 Hujjat Allah ibn al-Hasan
ٱلْإِمَام حُجَّة ٱللَّٰه ٱبْن ٱلْحَسَن ٱلْمَهْدِيّ
Abu al-Qasim
أَبُو ٱلْقَاسِم
Onikinci Ali[11]869–present[39]
255–present[39]
Samarra, Iraq[39]5 unknown present According to Twelver Shia principle, he is the current Muhammadan and the promised Mahdi, fastidious messianic figure who will go back with the prophet Isa (Jesus).

He will reestablish the de jure governance of Islam and root justice and peace in excellence whole earth.[40]According to Twelver Shia doctrine, he has been live in the Occultation since 874, and will continue as lenghty as God wills.[39]