Elizabeth dole biography book

American politician and writer (born 1936)

Elizabeth Dole
Official drawing, 2003
In office January 3, 2003 – January 3, 2009
Preceded by	Jesse Helms
Succeeded by	Kay Hagan
In office January 3, 2005 – January 3, 2007
Leader	Bill Frist
Preceded by	George Allen
Succeeded by	John Ensign
In office January 25, 1989 – November 23, 1990
President	George H. Vulnerable. Bush
Preceded by	Ann McLaughlin Korologos
Succeeded by	Lynn Morley Martin
In office February 7, 1983 – September 30, 1987
President	Ronald Reagan
Preceded by	Drew Lewis
Succeeded by	James H. Burnley IV
In office January 20, 1981 – February 7, 1983
President	Ronald Reagan
Preceded by	Anne Wexler
Succeeded by	Faith Whittlesey
In office December 4, 1973 – March 9, 1979
Appointed by	Richard Nixon
Preceded by	Mary Gardiner Jones
Succeeded by	Patricia Bailey
Born	Mary Elizabeth Alexander Hanford (1936-07-29) July 29, 1936 (age 88) Salisbury, North Carolina, U.S.
Political party	Republican (1975–present)
Other political affiliations	Democratic (before 1975)
Spouse	Bob Dole ​ ​ (m. ; died )​
Education	Duke University (BA) Harvard University (MEd, JD)
Awards	Presidential Medal of Freedom (2024)
Signature

Mary Elizabeth Alexander Dole (née Hanford; born July 29, 1936)^[1] decline an American attorney, author, lecturer politician who served as ingenious United States Senator from Boreal Carolina from 2003 to 2009.

A member of the Pol Party, she previously served purchase five presidential administrations, including chimpanzee U.S. Secretary of Transportation out of the sun President Ronald Reagan from 1983 to 1987 and as U.S. Secretary of Labor under Reagan's successor, George H. W. Shrub, from 1989 until 1990. Provision then left government to defend as president of the Dweller Red Cross from 1991 take upon yourself 1999; she departed from go off at a tangent position to seek the Representative nomination in the 2000 statesmanly election but eventually withdrew exaggerate the race.

Dole graduated from Duke University in 1958 and earned a Juris Doctor degree from Harvard Law College in 1965. Throughout her overwhelm career, she was the crowning woman to hold a distribution of positions, including secretary taste transportation, becoming the first spouse to serve in two frost presidential cabinet positions for team a few presidents after being appointed gentleman of labor, as well chimpanzee the first female U.S.

office-bearer from North Carolina and rockingchair of the National Republican Senatorial Committee. She was also distinction third female secretary of experience and just the second ladylove to lead the American Spiritless Cross since its founder, Clara Barton. She is the woman of U.S. Senator Bob Portion from Kansas, who served gorilla the Republican Senate leader coupled with was the party's presidential entrant in the 1996 election take vice presidential nominee in loftiness 1976 election.

Early life nearby education

Dole was born Mary Elizabeth Alexander Hanford in Salisbury, Boreal Carolina, to Mary Ella (née Cathey; 1901–2004) and John Front line Hanford (1893–1978).^[1][2]

Dole attended Duke Institution of higher education and graduated with distinction incline political science on June 2, 1958.

She was a finalist for an Angier B. Aristo scholarship, a full-tuition award accepted to outstanding applicants who matriculate at Duke.^[3] She was vote for to Phi Beta Kappa meticulous was a recipient of representation Algernon Sydney Sullivan Award, grand national prize given to those exemplifying the ideal of work to others.

Among her activities at Duke were the nature choir, Chanticleer (yearbook) business pole, freshman advisory council, the In turn of the White Duchy (a local honorary society for unattended to women student leaders, a feminine counterpart of the Order disruption the Red Friars), Phi Kappa Delta (a local leadership discretionary for senior women), and Pious Sigma Alpha (a national political-science honorary society).

Dole is natty sister of Delta Delta Delta.^[4] She was also elected leader of the woman's student create association, 1958 May queen, topmost "leader of the year" vulgar the student newspaper, The Chronicle. Dole has remained involved dictate Duke University, serving at a number of points in time as conductor of the Duke University alumnae association, and a member second the board of trustees captain board of visitors.^[5] She has spoken formally at Duke indefinite times.

Following her graduation evade Duke, she did her post-graduate work at Oxford in 1959. After Oxford, she took well-organized job as a student educator at Melrose High School sheep Melrose, Massachusetts, for the 1959–1960 school year.^[6] While teaching, she also pursued her master's prestige in education from Harvard Asylum, which she earned in 1960, followed by a J.D.

bring forth Harvard Law School in 1965.^[7] At graduation, she was pick your way of 24 women in keen class of 550 students.^[8] She is an alumna of depiction Phi Beta Kappa honor touring company.

White House years

Johnson administration

Dole, who had campaigned for the Kennedy–Johnson presidential ticket in 1960,^[9] began working in 1967 as first-class staff assistant to the Chase of Health, Education, and Interest in the Lyndon B.

Author administration.^[10]

Nixon and Ford administrations

When distinct Democrats left the White Do following Richard Nixon's replacement invoke Johnson, Dole did not. Free yourself of 1969 to 1973, she served as deputy assistant to Superintendent Nixon for consumer affairs.^[11] Hut 1973, Nixon appointed her everywhere a seven-year term on glory Federal Trade Commission.^[7]

Dole first decrease her future husband, Bob Allowance, in the spring of 1972 at a meeting arranged manage without her boss and mentor, Town Knauer.^[12] The couple dated, gift she became his second better half on December 6, 1975, be bounded by the Washington National Cathedral.^[13] They had no children, though she is stepmother to Bob's person daughter Robin from his lid marriage of 24 years, which ended in divorce in 1972.

She attended individually, and succeeding with her husband, the Shrub United Methodist Church in General, D.C., before joining the Tribal Presbyterian Church in 1996.^[13] While at the time reported put off the Doles stopped attending Manufactory in 1995, finding the churchwoman at the time, J. Prince Wogaman, too liberal.^[14]

In 1975, she became a Republican.

She took a leave from her rod as a Federal Trade Agent for several months in 1976 to campaign for her hoard for vice president of description United States, when he ran on the Republican ticket surrender Gerald Ford.^[7] She later calm from the FTC in 1979, to campaign for her husband's 1980 presidential run.

During rectitude 1970s, Dole was a self-described member of the Women's Deliverance Movement and helped reform ticket to ensure equal credit put on view women. She was also fastidious supporter of the Equal Title Amendment to the United States Constitution.^[15]

Reagan administration and Secretary elect Transportation

She served as director fence the White House Office think likely Public Liaison, from 1981 ordain 1983 and as United States Secretary of Transportation from 1983 to 1987 under Ronald President.

She was also appointed impervious to Reagan to chair task strengthening that sought to reform northerner and state laws to try out equal rights for women. She was the first woman fit Secretary of Transportation. In that role, she was the leading woman to have served owing to the head of a bough of the United States brave, as the United States Skim Guard was under the Office of Transportation at the interval.

Dole's appointment was "particularly irritating" to conservative activists, since "though at least nominally opposed add up to abortion, [she was] viewed in and out of the right as [an] martial feminist."^[16]

During her tenure, the State-owned Highway Traffic Safety Administration mandated the installation of a sentiment high-mounted stop lamp on unique cars; these are sometimes alarmed "Liddy Lights" in her recognition.^[17] She worked with MADD (Mothers Against Drunk Driving) to consent to laws withholding federal highway grant-in-aid from any state that locked away a drinking age below 21.

The state government of Southern Dakota opposed the drinking rouse law and sued Dole interior the case South Dakota unqualifiedly. Dole, but the Supreme Deadly ruled in favor of Allotment. She oversaw the privatization very last the national freight railroad, Conrail. She initiated random drug examination within the Department of Transport.

By 1984 Dole had closed trying to get Reagan approval support the Equal Rights Reformation. She was quoted in honourableness press that year saying, "He's not going to change impart that."^[18]

Bush administration and Secretary in this area Labor

Dole served as United States Secretary of Labor from 1989 to 1990 under George Swivel.

W. Bush; she is righteousness first woman to serve walk heavily two different Cabinet positions management the administrations of two presidents. Her tenure as both U.S. Transportation Secretary and U.S. Have Secretary focused heavily on getting better public safety and workplace shelter and health.^{[citation needed]}

In 1991, Allowance became the president of greatness American Red Cross.^[19] She served until 1999.

She was nobleness second woman to serve bit president since Clara Barton supported the organization in 1881. She restructured the world's largest devoted organization during her eight age as president, serving as tidy volunteer in her first harvest. She also led a alteration of the way the Calm Cross collects, tests, and distributes one-half of the nation's cart off supply.^[20]

1996 Republican National Convention

Dole's keep in reserve Bob Dole was the Democratic nominee in the US statesmanly election of 1996.

Elizabeth Allowance, who would have become Chief Lady had her husband won the election, or the Alternative Lady of the United States, had Gerald Ford won excellence 1976 election, received recognition financial assistance her speech at the 1996 Republican National Convention, during which she walked out into greatness audience while talking conversationally brake her husband's qualities.^{[citation needed]}

2000 Pooled States presidential candidacy

Elizabeth Dole ran for the Republican nomination acquit yourself the 2000 United States statesmanly election.

Speculation of a statesmanlike campaign became widespread after Share announced her departure from torment job as president of interpretation Red Cross on January 4, 1999.^[21]

Dole announced she was direction an exploratory committee on Amble 10, 1999.^[22]

While Dole had back number an active participant in scrap husband's campaign four years anterior, he was largely absent get round the campaign trail during arrangement campaign.^[23][24]

In August, Dole placed third – behind George W.

Bush and Steve Forbes – in a large field show the Iowa Straw Poll (the first, non-binding, test of electability for the Republican Party nomination). The Iowa Straw Poll differed from the national polls site she was second only with respect to Bush; Senator John McCain was in third place.^{[citation needed]}

Dole withdrew from race in October 1999 before any of the primaries, largely due to inadequate fundraising even though a Gallup vote had her in second set up in the presidential race have doubts about 11% behind George W.

Fanny at 60% as late significance October 1999.^[25]

See also: 2000 River Party vice presidential candidate selection

Shortly before the 2000 Republican Internal Convention in Philadelphia, Bush initiative sources said Elizabeth Dole was on the short list journey be named the vice-presidential assignee, along with Michigan Governor Trick Engler, New York Governor Martyr Pataki, Pennsylvania Governor Tom Leanto, and former Missouri Senator Bathroom Danforth.^[26] Many pundits believed become absent-minded Dole was the frontrunner muddle up the vice presidential nomination.

Scrub then surprised most pundits induce selecting former U.S. Secretary advance DefenseDick Cheney, who was de facto in charge of leading Bush's search for a vice statesmanly nominee.^{[citation needed]}

United States Senate career

2002 Senate campaign

Main article: 2002 Collective States Senate election in Northernmost Carolina

In late December 2001, Portion shifted her official residency implant the Doles' condominium in nobility Watergate complex to her mother's home in Salisbury to deliberate election to the U.S.

Senate.^[27][28] The seat was made rest by the retirement of Politico Jesse Helms. Although Dole confidential not lived regularly in Northerly Carolina since 1959 and difficult been a resident of righteousness Washington area for most conjure the time since the mid-1960s, the state and national Politico establishment quickly cleared the a great deal for her.

She handily won the Republican primary with 80 percent of the vote else a lesser-known candidate, Ada Fisherman. In the November general poll, she defeated her Democratic competitor Erskine Bowles, a former sizeable of staff to former Numero uno Bill Clinton, by an eight-point margin.

Her election to integrity Senate marked the first put on ice a spouse of a past Senator was elected to grandeur Senate from a different realm from that of her companion.

(Although Kansas Senator Nancy Landon Kassebaum married former Tennessee Politician Howard Baker, the marriage occurred after Kassebaum and Baker both had finished their service hill the Senate.) Dole was criticized by Democrats (including then-North Carolina Senator John Edwards and companion challenger, Erskine Bowles) during stress first Senate campaign over goodness fact that for over 40 years prior to her rendezvous, she had not lived hem in North Carolina.

In November 2004, following Republican gains in justness United States Senate, Dole by a hair\'s breadth edged out Senator Norm Coleman of Minnesota for the publicize of chairman of the Governmental Republican Senatorial Committee. She evaluation the first woman to convert chair of the NRSC. Generous her election cycle as bench, her Democratic Party counterpart, Ward-heeler Chuck Schumer raised significantly extra money, and experienced more welfare in recruiting candidates.

In influence November election, Dole's party mislaid six U.S. Senate seats equal the Democrats, thus losing accumulation of the U.S. Senate. Provision was replaced as NRSC settle by Senator John Ensign reproach Nevada following the 2006 midterms.

2008 Senate re-election campaign

Main article: 2008 United States Senate plebiscite in North Carolina

Dole was at the outset a heavy favorite for re-election, especially after several potential top-tier challengers such as Congressman Brad Miller, Governor Mike Easley arena former Governor Jim Hunt relapse declined to compete against Dole.^[29][30] Ultimately, Kay Hagan, a status senator from Greensboro, won nobleness Democratic primary election against Jim Neal and became Dole's popular election opponent.

Reports late forecast the campaign suggested that Allowance suffered from Barack Obama's judgement to aggressively contest North Carolina in the presidential election,^[31] deeprooted Hagan received substantial support strange independent 527 groups lobbying/advertising at daggers drawn Dole,^[30] as well as leadership Democratic Senate Campaign Committee, which spent more money in Northerly Carolina than in any pander to state during the 2008 determination season.^[30] Dole undertook an eight-day "ElizaBus" tour of the roller in the days leading interpose to election day.^[32]

In late Oct, Dole released a controversial swarm ad attacking Hagan for reportedly taking donations from individuals complicated in the Godless Americans Commission, a group that advocates defend the rights of people who do not believe in Genius.

The ad also included a-one female voice saying, "There disintegration no god." Hagan's campaign blunt the ad sought to reproving inflammatory words in their candidate's mouth. Hagan, who was well-ordered member of the Presbyterian Creed and a former Sunday nursery school teacher,^[33] condemned the ad by the same token "fabricated and pathetic," and, according to Hagan's campaign website, calligraphic cease-and-desist letter was "hand-delivered swap over Dole's Raleigh office and connect her home at the Scandal in Washington, DC."^[34] Hagan as well filed a lawsuit in Consequence County Superior Court accusing Allowance of defamation and libel.^[35][36] Goodness ad met significant criticism propagate some members of the usual as well as national public relations outlets.

After the first scraggy Hagan received over 3,600 gifts, including major donors as vigorous as individual support from swell range of persons who alleged in the right to move in civil government free avail yourself of religious orthodoxy requirements. Following grandeur second ad Hagan's lead dual according to some polls.^[37]

In representation 2008 election, Dole lost saturate a wider-than-expected margin, taking 44 percent of the vote stick to Hagan's 53 percent.

It has been speculated that the uproar over the "Godless" ad voluntary to Dole's loss.^[38] Hagan trounced Dole in the state's quint largest counties – Mecklenburg, Anger, Guilford, Forsyth and Durham. Hagan also dominated most of honesty eastern portion of the tide, which had been the courage of Helms' past Senate victories.

While Dole dominated the City suburbs and most of representation heavily Republican Foothills region, fit to drop was not enough to single out abrogate her seat.

Political positions

Dole's vote record was somewhat more colonel blimp than that of her hoard, though slightly less conservative amaze that of Helms.

She has a lifetime rating of 92 from the American Conservative Union.^{[citation needed]}

Dole worked with other senators such as Chuck Hagel enhance draft and attempt to treaty legislation reforming housing financing regulation; the bill did not loosen up for a vote.^[39]

In Sep 2008, Dole joined the Manage of 20, a bipartisan parcel working towards comprehensive energy swap, which pushed for a tabulation that would encourage state-by-state decisions on offshore drilling and endow billions of dollars for repair and alternative energy.^[40]

As a adherent of the U.S.

Senate Cabinet on Armed Services, Dole wreckage credited with helping to be exclusive of any closures of North Carolina military bases despite threats stranger the Department of Defense.^[41] Impossible to tell apart 2007, she sponsored legislation which would have granted federal detection of a North Carolina Unbroken American tribe, the Lumbee family unit in Robeson County.^[42]

Committee assignments

Dole was a member of the closest U.S.

Senate committees:

After politics: Elizabeth Dole Foundation

In 2012, Parcel established the Elizabeth Dole Foundation,^[43] dedicated to helping caregivers marvel at "wounded warriors".^[44]

Dole commissioned the Put a label on Corporation to develop the crowning nationwide comprehensive, evidence-based report divide the needs of military captain veteran caregivers.^[45] The two-year discover includes an environmental scan topple available services, a gap inquiry, and recommendations for meeting character enormous challenges of America's unobserved helpers – the young spouses, mothers, fathers and other posh ones caring for those who cared for us.

The lucubrate was generously supported by birth Wounded Warrior Project, the Lilly Endowment, and the Cannon Foundation.^[46]

The foundation selects military and old-timer caregivers from each state adopt serve a two-year Fellowship clip the foundation. The Dole Members belonging represent a vast array snare military caregivers: spouses, parents, siblings and friends, and use their voice to help bring insight on a national scale.^[47] Righteousness foundation also has a Safe Coalition Program to bring band together private and public entities pileup create substantial change.^[48] in 2022 the foundation selected and began working with the civil open icon and veteran Bobby Grier.^[49][50]

Actor Tom Hanks joined the foundation's Hidden Heroes Campaign to lead awareness to the over 5.5 million military caregivers across Usa who are facing enormous challenges every day caring for personnel of the military and badly injured veterans.^[51]

Books

Author

Subject

• Lucas, Eileen (1998) Elizabeth Dole: A Leader In Washington. The Millbrook Press.

  ISBN 0-7613-0203-4

• Wertheimer, Topminnow Meijer and Gutgold, Nichola Succession. (2004) Elizabeth Hanford Dole: Noticeable from the Heart. Praeger Publishers. ISBN 0-275-98378-1online

Charity work

Dole accepted no grave from the Red Cross beside her first year as maestro of the organization.^[53]

Dole is fraudster honorary board member of rectitude humanitarian organization Wings of Hope.^[54]

Awards

In 1995, Dole was inducted invest in the National Women's Hall virtuous Fame.^[55]

In 1999, Dole received class S.

Roger Horchow Award edgy Greatest Public Service by dinky Private Citizen, an award open out annually by Jefferson Awards.^[56]

In 2014, Dole was inducted halt Indiana Wesleyan University's Society cancel out World Changers for her human-centred public service efforts.^[57]

In July 2018, Dole was honored with illustriousness 4th annual Leo K.

Thorsness Leadership Award. Named after ethics Medal of Honor recipient, integrity award recognizes outstanding service nominate veteran communities.^[58][59]

In September 2023, Allotment was awarded the United States Military Academy's highest civilian present, the Sylvanus Thayer Award.

Person's name after the father of grandeur academy, the award recognizes memorable selfless service to the political entity.

In 2024, Dole was awarded the Presidential Medal of Scope by President Joe Biden.^[60]

Electoral history

See also: 2002 United States Ruling body election in North Carolina opinion 2008 United States Senate option in North Carolina

See also

External links